Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
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 IU daily.
Antioxidants and precursors of vitamin A.
Vitamin B-
As prescribed by physician
Essential for healing; reduces complex injections ear pressure. Injections (under or a doctor's supervision) are best. vitamin B complex
50 mg of each major B
If injections are not available, vitamin 3 times daily use a sublingual form.
(amounts of individual vitamins in a complex will vary). plus extra folic acid
400 meg daily.
Often depleted in people with and hearing loss. vitamin B^
1,000-2,000 meg daily.
Vitamin C
3,000-6,000 mg daily. |
Josef A. Brinckmann and Michael P. Lindenmaier
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 The cold pressed oil has a yellowish green to green color due to carotenoid and chlorophyll decomposition products.
Indications: Used predominantly in folk medicine [1]. The crushed fruits are applied externally as a dressing for skin problems and rheumatism. Nettle fruit or the oil obtained from it (particularly the cold pressed oil) is taken internally as a tonic and so-called "bio-stimulant" to increase the "activity of vital processes". At this point, however, there is no scientific evidence to support these indications. |
The Editors of Prevention Magazine Health Books
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 Contributing to their reluctance and caution in recommending supplements are relatively new laboratory techniques that have revealed that most foods containing beta-carotene also contain other powerful disease-fighting members of the carotenoid family such as alpha-carotene, lycopene, zeaxan-thin and lutein. In fact, says Dr. Krinsky, it may be these substances that have been doing most of the disease-preventive work, while beta-carotene has been garnering all of the credit.
Using Beta-Carotene Safely
1 eople should be reaching for carotenoid-rich foods rather than supplements," says Dr. |
John R. Smythies
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| As the carotenoid Research Interactive Group concluded, "Although carotenoids should not be considered universal preventers of disease, it is equally inappropriate to downplay beta-carotene as a 'passing fad' " [28].
In 1996 beta-carotene had a piece of good news for a change. Omage et al. gave a group of normal women a diet very low in beta-carotene for sixty-eight days [152]. They found that the measures for fat oxidation in the blood (conjugated dienes) were raised significantly at the end of the trial. |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
See book keywords and concepts |
| As directed on label. with beta-carotene plus vitamin E
200 IU daily.
Speeds healing. Increases or oxygen intake.
AE Mulsion Forte
As directed on label.
Supplies vitamins A and E in from American emulsion form for easier
Biologies assimilation and greater safety at higher doses.
Helpful
Acidophilus (Kyo-
As directed on label.
To replenish "friendly" bacteria.
Dophilus from
Take on an empty stomach.
Especially important if
Wakunaga) antibiotics are prescribed. Use a nondairy formula.
Coenzyme Q10
60 mg daily. |
| As directed on label. with beta-carotene plus vitamin E
200 IU daily.
Important
Grifron Maitake D-fraction from Maritake Products
As directed on label.
People with cancer require higher than normal amounts of this antioxidant. Use emulsion form for easier assimilation and greater safety at higher doses. Capsule forms put more stress on the liver. Enhances natural killer cell activity. Low beta-carotene levels have been especially associated with lung, bronchial, and stomach cancer. A powerful antioxidant and cancer-fighter. |
Textbook of Natural Medicine 2nd Edition Volume 1Michael T. Murray, ND
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| Lycopene as the most efficient biological carotenoid singlet oxygen quencher. Arch Biochem Biophysics 1989; 274: 532-538
19. Franceschi S, Bidoli E, LaVecchia C et al. Tomatoes and risk of digestive-tract cancers. Int J Cancer 1994; 59; 181-184
20. Manges AR, Holden JM, Beecher GR et al. carotenoid content of fruits and vegetables. An evaluation of analytic data. J Am Diet Assoc 1993; 93: 284-286
21. Ben-Amotz, A, Mokady S, Edelstein et al. Bioavailability of a natural isomer mixture as compared with synthetic all-trans-beta-carotene in rats and chicks. J Nutr 1989; 119: 1013-1019
22. |
Laurie Deutsch Mozian, M.S., R.D.
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 Lutein, a member of the carotenoid family, is a dominant pigment in the macula of the eye. It is associated with a lower rate of age-related macular degeneration, which is the leading cause of blindness in the United States after age sixty-five. A 1994 Harvard University study showed that a daily intake of 6 milligrams of lutein was associated with a 43-percent lower incidence of age-related macular degeneration. Lutein is found predominantly in kale, spinach, parsley, and mustard greens.
Lycopene (LlGH-co-peen). Lycopene is a carotenoid that displays powerful antioxidant activity. |
Zorba Paster, M.D. and Susan Meltsner
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 Tomatoes contain lycopene, an antioxidant carotenoid that appears to help protect you from prostate cancer.
• Taking antioxidants such as vitamins C and E and a carotenoid and flavonoid supplement. But the data on the effectiveness of this are very skimpy.
26. Get a Chest X Ray to Screen for Lung Cancer Impact ?
The most common cancer, other than skin cancer, striking Americans today is also the deadliest. Sixty percent of lung cancer patients die within a year of their diagnosis. Unfortunately, only 15 percent of all lung cancers are found before they've spread beyond the lungs. |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
See book keywords and concepts |
| As directed on label.
Needed for all eye disorders. with lutein and zeaxanthin
Vitamin B6
50 mg daily.
Nutrients that work well
(pyridoxine) together to heal dry eyes. and vitamin C
2,000-14,000 mg daily, with in divided doses. bioflavonoids and zinc
50 mg daily. Do not
Use zinc gluconate lozenges or exceed a total of 100 mg
OptiZinc for best absorption. daily from all supplements.
Considerations
Q See also Bitot's Spots in this section.
FABRY'S DISEASE
See under rare disorders.
FATIGUE
See chronic fatigue syndrome. FEVER
A fever is an elevation in body temperature. |
Prevention Magazine
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 Lycopene, a carotenoid found in tomatoes, for instance, may be considerably more potent than beta-carotene in the battle against cancer. When testing the effectiveness of each of these compounds in the laboratory, researchers found lycopene to be more effective than beta-carotene at inhibiting the growth of certain types of cancer cells.
In a study that proves that carrots really are good for your eyes, researchers found that people with the highest levels of carotenoids had one-third to one-half the risk of macular degeneration than those with lower levels. |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
See book keywords and concepts |
| As directed on label.
Needed for all eye disorders. with lutein and zeaxanthin
Recommendations
Q Drink at least ten glasses (80 ounces) of water every day. Steam-distilled water is best.
Q See your health care provider if you have dry eyes. It may be a symptom of a more serious condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus. Also, constant irritation to the eye as a result of dryness can result in injury and damage.
Q If your tear ducts are swollen, add more calcium to your diet and avoid processed foods.
Q Artificial tears are safe and effective for keeping the eyes moist. |
James A. Duke, Ph.D.
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 Retin-A, the prescription drug used to treat severe acne, is a carotenoid preparation.
Some herbalists recommend applying liquefied carrots (and/or tomatoes and sweet potatoes) to the skin to treat sunburn and other minor skin conditions. I can't see doing that myself, but there's no reason why you shouldn't try it if you want. I eat a lot of carrots and other red and orange fruits and vegetables because I know that ingesting carotenoids not only helps prevent skin damage but can help ward off cancer and heart disease as well.
V English plantain (Plantago lanceolata). |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
See book keywords and concepts |
| As directed on label. Antioxidants used by the body (Betatene) to manufacture vitamin A as needed.
Vitamin E 200 IU daily or 400 IU Needed for healing of gum every other day. Also open tissue. Use d-alphaa capsule and rub the oil on tocopherol form. Do not plus the gums 2-3 times daily, use the dl-form. selenium (E-Sel from 200 meg daily. If you are A powerful antioxidant that
Carlson Labs) pregnant, do not exceed works with vitamin E.
40 meg daily.
Important
Grape seed extract
As directed on label.
A powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory.
Proteolytic enzymes
As directed on label. |
The Life Extension Editorial Staff
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 Carotenodermia in men with elevated carotenoid intake from foods and beta-carotene supplements Am ] Clin Nutr
48:1061-64 1988.
Jaeget A et al. Side effects of flavonoids in medical ptactice Prog Clin Bipol Res 280:379-84 1988. |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
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 Type: Xanthophylls
Xanthophylls are carotenoid compounds that contain hydroxyl groups, keto groups, or both.
Anthoxanthins act as antioxidants. Food sources include cabbage sprouts, cauliflower, and potatoes.
Beta-cryptoxanthin increases the activity of vitamin A and helps to protect against cervical cancer.
Canthaxanthin acts as an antioxidant, boosts immunity, slows the growth of cancer cells, and may help to prevent skin and breast cancers. Food sources include mushrooms, particularly reishi, maitake, and shiitake.
Zeaxanthin also protects against age-related macular degeneration. |
Ralph Moss, PhD
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 The Single carotenoid Issue
Beta-carotene is one of many dietary carotenoids. They form a close-knit network, what Robert Atkins, M.D. calls a "nutritional collective." (19) Giving one alone may upset the natural balance that occurs when lots of fruits and vegetables are taken as food. For instance, lutein and beta-carotene inhibit each others' absorption into the bloodstream. It is possible that each one keeps the other from "going overboard" in its biological effects. (453)
"Their therapeutic worth may be only as good as the weakest link in the chain," says Dr. |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
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| Rather than using vitamin A, a pregnant woman should take 10,000 international units of beta-carotene or a carotenoid complex daily The body converts beta-carotene into vitamin A only as needed, and it has no known side effects. Food sources of these nutrients include animal livers, fish liver oils, and green and yellow fruits and vegetables. |
Dianne Onstad
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 It is a fat-soluble antioxidant telated to beta carotene. A carotenoid (as is beta carotene), lycopene serves as an antioxidant, blocks UVA and UVB rays, and is strongly suspected of arresting the growth of cancer cells, especially of the prostate. Lycopene is especially plentiful in tomatoes and tomato-based products and works better when combined wirh a small amount of fat. Lycopene has roughly twice the power of beta carotene and ten times the strength of vitamin E when it comes to neutralizing free radicals. In the human body, you will find lycopene in the blood and the skin. |
The Complete Book of Alternative NutritionSelene Y. Craig, Jennifer Haigh, Sari Harrar and the Editors of PREVENTION Magazine Health Books
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| When researchers at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore measured carotenoid levels in the blood of 123 people who had had a myocardial infarction, or heart attack, and 246 people without heart problems, the antiox-idant-heart link was found to be especially relevant for people who smoke.
Those with the lowest levels of beta-carotene more than doubled their risk of heart attack. Those with the lowest levels of lycopene, an antioxidant found in tomatoes, increased their risk 30 percent. And smokers had the lowest blood levels of carotenoids and the highest risk of having a second heart attack. |
Committee on Comparative Toxicity of Naturally Occurring Carcinogens
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 Vitamin A
The naturally occurring forms of vitamin A (retinol, retinal, retinoic acid and its carotenoid precursors) have been extensively studied in animals and humans for their efficacy in cancer prevention. The strength of the inverse relationship between intakes of vitamin A (especially its precursors, the carotenoids) and reduced cancer at several sites led to the development of synthetic analogues of vitamin A which have been extensively studied in animals and recently used in breast cancer patients. |
Robert Hass, M.S.
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 Lycopene is the carotenoid most efficient at quenching the type of free radicals caused by cigarette smoke and air pollution. The foods with the highest concentration of lycopene in the ordinary American diet are tomato sauce (including ketchup and tomato-based barbecue sauces), guava, watermelon, and pink grapefruit. Unlike synthetic beta-carotene dietary supplements, which contain no lycopene or any other natural carotenoids, these foods contain a spectrum of disease-fighting carotenes. |
Mark Stengler, N.D.
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 In general, the brighter the food, the greater the carotenoid concentration. For example, a pale orange carrot contains less beta carotene than a dark orange carrot. General sources include carrots, pumpkins, squash, sweet potatoes, broccoli, peas, collard greens, kale, peppers (all colors), spinach, apricots, cantaloupe, papaya, peaches, tangerines, tomatoes, watermelon, and cherries.
Most supplements use a mixed carotenoid complex from the sea algae Dunaliella salina from the waters of Australia. |
Committee on Comparative Toxicity of Naturally Occurring Carcinogens
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| Whatever the mechanism, it appears that the carotenoid precursors of vitamin A are responsible for at least some of its anticancer effects (Bendich and Olson 1989). Hypothesized mechanisms whereby carotenoids may inhibit cancer are diverse and include (1) inhibition of mutagenesis and protection against photo-damage, (2) enhancement of immune system responses, (3) reduction of nuclear damage by carcinogenic agents, (4) protection against neoplastic events in cells, and (5) the quenching of highly reactive singlet oxygen (Bendich and Olson 1989, Krinsky 1991). |
Jack Challem
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 Lycopene, a carotenoid that gives tomatoes their red color, has been associated with a relatively low risk of stomach cancer, though this association does not directly prove prevention. In addition, animal experiments suggest that food allergies also might irritate the stomach and lead to gastritis and ulcers.
An estimated 30 percent of people over age sixty-five suffer from atrophic gastritis, a chronic inflammation of the stomach associated with a wasting away of stomach tissues. |
Josef A. Brinckmann and Michael P. Lindenmaier
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| TLC Identification: For a carotenoid TLC assay, see [8]. Citral can be determined quantitatively, using a TLC den-sitometric method, according to [9]. For a suitable TLC method to identify characteristic monoterpenes and coumarins in lemon peel extractives, see lemon oil (Limonis aetheroleum) monograph in the Ph. Eur.
Adulteration: Very rare. Accidental substitutions with orange peel can be recognized by using a hydrochloric acid color test: orange peel turns green upon contact with the acid while lemon peel keeps its natural color. |
The Life Extension Editorial Staff
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| A product called PhytoFood Powder provides potent amounts of sulphoraphane, while carotenoid extracts are available in a variety of encapsulated preparations. Note: Diet: What Should the Cancer Patient Eat, appearing later in this protocol, contains a discussion tegarding the value of sulphoraphanes in the diet.
Cimetidine (Tagamet)
Histamine (H2) receptor antagonists (such as cimetidine) became popular in the late 1970s to treat gastrointestinal ulcers and other benign conditions of the stomach, esophagus, and duodenum. |
Robert Hass, M.S.
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| For decades, scientists ignored lycopene in their studies of diet and cancer in favor of beta-carotene, another member of the carotenoid phytonutrient group found in red, yellow, green, and orange vegetables. Unfortunately, investigators in charge of several large clinical studies gave synthetic beta-carotene supplements to long-term smokers, with disastrous results. The smokers who took the beta-carotene supplements suffered higher rates of lung cancer than smokers who took no beta-carotene supplements.
Carotenoids interact with each other during digestion. |
Gale Maleskey
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 When you choose a carotenoid supplement, you should mimic a varied diet of fresh produce, with many healthful pigments, by looking for capsules in combination or mixed form. Also, check the label to be sure that the carotenoids come from natural sources instead of being synthetically produced, says Mark Lamden, N.D., a naturopathic doctor and adjunct faculty member at Bastyr University in Bothell, Washington. He notes that the natural types may be a little harder to find, but they may be safer than synthetics. |
Robert Hass, M.S.
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| Overloading the body with a single carotenoid, such as beta-carotene, can reduce the absorption of the other carotenes, such as lycopene (found in tomatoes and watermelon) and lower the level of vitamin E—another cancer-preventing compound—stored in the body.
Was it good science to give cigarette smokers large doses of only one synthetic carotenoid—beta-carotene—to the exclusion of all others? |
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