Tori Hudson, N.D.
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 Magnesium, manganese, zinc, copper, boron, vitamin k, vitamin
D, and other nutrients determine bone health, each in their own way. In Chapter 14, I discuss this in detail.
Botanicals
Chaste Tree (Vitex Agnus Castus). Chaste tree is probably the best-known herb in all of Europe for hormonal imbalances in women. Since at least the time of the Greeks, chaste tree has been used for the full scope of menstrual disorders, including amenorrhea. Chaste tree acts on the hypothalamus and pituitary glands by increasing LH production and mildly inhibiring the release of FSH. |
| As you will learn in the nutritional supplements section, vitamin k is involved in the mineralization of bone, and boron decreases the urinary excretion of calcium and magnesium.
Soy foods appear to also have some role in preventing or slowing bone loss. Soy contains a class of compounds called phytoestrogens. The phytoestrogen especially high in soy foods is isoflavone. Phytoestrogens and isoflavones are discussed in more detail in Chapter 12; here we'll focus on their effect on bone health. Soybeans contain phytoestrogens called isoflavones and a particular isoflavone called daidzein. |
Abram Hoffer, PhD, MD, FRCP(C) and Dr. Jonathan Prousjy, DPHE, DSC, ND, FRSH
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 Safety
Dr John Marks reports that adults can safely be given 100 to 800 IU, but excludes adults with alteration of vitamin k status or metabolism. Ingestion of 1200 IU has increased the coagulation defect produced by vitamin k deficiency or by warfarin treatment.
In a 2005 editorial published in the Townsend Letter for Doctors & Patients, Dr Alan Gaby described research that showed large doses of alpha-toco-pherol to deplete gamma-tocopherol. |
Mike Adams
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 Warfarin actually interferes with vitamin k metabolism. vitamin k deficiency can then lead to risk of uncontrolled and massive bleeding, cartilage calcification and severe malformation of developing bone, as well as deposition of insoluble calcium salts in the arterial vessel walls (Linus Pauling Institute).
Recent research findings on dangerous drugs
Still skeptical? Here is just a fraction of the recent headlines and studies regarding the dangers of prescription drugs. We couldn't reprint them here, but we've collected them all in one place (free to read) at www.NaturalHealthReport.com. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
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 Phenprocoumon: Vitamin E has been shown to enhance the response to oral anticoagulants, perhaps due to an interference with the effect of vitamin k in clotting factor synthesis (Anon, 1982; Corrigan & Marcus, 1974). Clinical Management: Concomitant use of oral anticoagulants and vitamin E should be avoided if possible. If these drugs are used together, careful monitoring is called for. overdosage
Vitamin E plasma concentrations greater than 3.5 mg/dL may result in toxicity (Lemons & Maisels, 1985). Prolonged vitamin E plasma levels of approximately 4. |
| Clinical Management: It appears that the quantity of Green Tea consumed and the method of production affect the amount of vitamin k in Green Tea. Patients who choose to drink Green Tea should be advised to consume a consistent amount and use a consistent brand and method of brewing.
POTENTIAL INTERACTIONS
Alkaline medications: Reabsorption can be delayed because of chemical bonding with the tannins in tea. overdosage
Overdosage (quantities corresponding to more than 300 mg caffeine, or 5 cups of tea as a beverage) can lead to restlessness, tremor, and elevated reflex excitability. |
| The other 109 patients were treated with other herbal remedies, such as vitamin k, for 1 to 16 years (median, 9.2 years). The 10-year rate occurrence of HCC was 7% in the SNMC treatment group and 12% respectively in the non-SNMC treatment group. The 15-year rate was 12% in the
SNMC treatment group and 25% in the other treatment group (p=0.032). Elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT), a characteristic of chronic hepatitis and a risk factor for the development of HCC, normalized in 35.7% in the SNMC treatment group, which was significantly better than the 6. |
| It has vitamin-like characteristics and is structurally similar to vitamin k. Coenzyme Q10 is a vital component of the inner mitochondrial membrane, with the highest concentrations found in the heart, liver, kidneys, and pancreas. The total body content ranges from 0.5 to 1.5 grams (Lampertico et al 1993; Mortensen 1993; Beyer 1992; Greenberg et al 1990; Langsjoen et al 1988; Farah et al 1984). Its most common clinical use is for treating heart disease, hypertension, and immunodepression. |
Dr. Steve Blake
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 Bone growth and regulation is also assisted by vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin k, the hormone calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, and magnesium.
Calcium levels are sensed by the parathyroid glands. If blood levels of calcium fall too low, the parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone. The parathyroid hormone stimulates production of an enzyme in the kidneys. This enzyme increases the transformation of calcidiol to calcitriol. Calcitriol is a potent hormone that increases blood calcium levels. |
Andreas Moritz
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 Vitamin K is essential for maintaining strong bones.
Greens beans are also a rich source of the equally important vitamin A (notably through their concentration of carotenoids, including beta-carotene). And, as you may know, when you chew on green beans they contain loads of useful fiber, which helps prevent colon cancer. In addition, green beans are packed with vitamin C, riboflavin, potassium, iron, manganese, folate, magnesium, and thiamin. Plus, they are a good source of thiamin, phosphorous, calcium, niacin, vitamin B6, copper, protein and zinc. |
Paula Begoun and Bryan Barron
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 There is no substantiated research proving topical application of vitamin k has any effect on dark circles (something the good doctor would be completely aware of). This can be a decent serum whose film-forming agent will make skin appear temporarily smoother.
$$$ Mesojection Healthy Cell Serum ($80for 1 ounce) is sold as a topical substitute for a procedure known as mesotherapy. This treatment, which is not medically sound but is most commonly used to dissolve fat and improve cellulite, is based on receiving injections that are either homeopathic or pharmaceutical. |
Dr. Steve Blake
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| The vitamin k conservation cycle may not be operational.
(d) All of the above.
51. Water intake must:
(a) Exactly match water output.
(b) Exceed water output.
(c) Be less than water output.
(d) Be one gallon more than water output.
52. The body loses about 33 percent of its water through:
(a) Sweating.
(b) Skin diffusion.
(c) Sweating plus skin diffusion.
(d) The feces.
53. Which beverage does NOT cause diuretic loss of water?
(a) Coffee.
(b) Water.
(c) Beer.
(d) Tea.
54. Which area of the body contains electrolytes?
(a) Blood plasma.
(b) Intracellular fluid. |
| Several studies have found a correlation between higher vitamin k levels and lowered risk of hip fracture.
If the amount of potassium-rich fruits and vegetables eaten is not sufficient to produce enough alkalinity to buffer blood acids, the body has the ability to remove calcium from bones. This calcium helps neutralize the blood, but leaves the bones depleted in calcium. This increases the risk of osteoporosis.
Excess dietary sodium can impact calcium levels in the body. Americans eat an average of five grams of excess sodium each day (above the upper intake levels). |
| Unlike the other fat-soluble vitamins, vitamin k is not stored in the body.
CHAPTER 3
Vitamin A
The Night Sight Vitamin
As long ago as 300 B.C., the Hippocratic School of Medicine recommended liver (rich in vitamin A) for children with night blindness or infections. Vitamin A was the first vitamin discovered. In 1907, the fat-soluble vitamin A was found necessary for growth. In 1930 it was learned that there were two related forms—beta-carotene and a fat-soluble Vitamin A. Vitamin A was first synthesized in 1947. |
| There are more than one dozen proteins affected by vitamin k. These proteins are vital for blood coagulation and bone strength.
Blood must flow freely and not clot unless there is a break in a blood vessel. Clotting is normally triggered by a rough edge in a blood vessel, such as a cut artery. The liver synthesizes several proteins important in blood clotting including prothrombin and fibrinogen. These two proteins circulate in blood. One of the first steps in blood clotting is triggered by the formation of thrombin from prothrombin, as seen in Figure 6-1. |
Bill Sardi
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 Intravenous vitamin C treatment with vitamin k is of value given that it has now been revealed that IV vitamin C can achieve blood concentrations that are toxic to cancer cells but harmless to healthy tissues. If men cannot talk their doctors into administering IV vitamin C, other doctors in the community should be sought. See recommendations under the vitamin C section in this book.
Summary: men have four choices:
1. Submit to PSA testing, repeated biopsies, and treatment, following the doctor's lead.
2. |
| Over a 2-week period he underwent 5 intravenous drip treatments which provided vitamin C, vitamin k and lipoic acid. A subsequent MRI imaging test revealed the mass had disappeared and his
PSA had dropped to 8.
Vitamin C Foundation, July 15, 2006
It never dawned upon this researcher that all of the above primary factors for prostate cancer revolve around vitamin D. |
| Vitamin C and prostate cancer
The fact that men, once they develop the hormone-resistant form of advanced prostate cancer, only have a median survival of 9-18 months, and no current treatment produces a significant survival advantage, has led researchers to investigate the use of vitamin C combined with vitamin k. The concept behind this treatment is that these two vitamins are toxic to cancer cells specifically, but not to healthy cells. One study shows the combination of these two vitamins is 5 to 20 times more toxic to cancer cells when administered together. |
| Folic acid (vitamin B9) shortage impairs the ability to repair broken strands of DNA. vitamin k deficiency may lead to pronounced bleeding and often results from overuse of antibiotics, or malnutrition. More than 8 in 10 cancer patients have reduced serum albumin, a protein that often dictates survival time. Insufficient protein intake results in swelling (pitting edema of legs). This often signals a stage where the tumor must be removed or whittled down to size by other treatments. |
| Vitamin K promotes oxidation ... 366
Vitamin C and cancer: mutant humans... 366 Timeline of events and scientific reports... 368
Linus Pauling era ... 368
The flawed RDA ... 368
New research ... 368
Enter Drs. Hickey and Robert... 369 Mounting evidence ... 378 Does vitamin C prevent cancer? ... 378 How many have low vitamin C intake levels and are at increased risk for cancer? ... 379 Vitamin C measured by blood plasma concentration ... 379 and cancer
Beta carotene (vitamin A)
The timing was perfect. |
| International Journal Oncology 26: 1337-44, 2005; Apoptosis 9: 223-33, 2004]
More recently researchers in Japan have called for vitamin K's use with anti-cancer drugs for the treatment of lung cancer because it is a "safe medicine without prominent adverse effects." [International Journal Oncology 26: 33-40, 2005]
Given that currently used anti-cancer drugs are so toxic as to produce mortality ahead of the cancer it is intended to treat, the foot-dragging involved in the human study of this vitamin is inexplicable. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
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| Anisindione: Vitamin E has been shown to enhance the response to oral anticoagulants, perhaps due to an interference with the effect of vitamin k in clotting factor synthesis. Clinical Management: Concomitant use of oral anticoagulants and Vitamin E should be avoided if possible. If these drugs are used together, careful monitoring is called for (Hansen & Horn, 1989; Hansten, 1981).,
MINOR RISKS
Cholestyramine: Concomitant administration of cholestyramine resin and fat-soluble vitamins may cause malabsorption of these vitamins. |
The Editors of FC&A
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| Research suggests you can reduce your risk of hip fracture if you get over 100 micrograms (meg) of vitamin k each day. Not getting enough, on the other hand, has been linked to poor bone mineral density.
As a minimum, senior men should get 120 meg of vitamin k and senior women need 90 meg. Here are some foods that can give you this bone-supporting vitamin. |
Mehmet C. Oz., M.D. and Michael F. Roizen, M.D.
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 Those who are deficient in vitamin k have been shown to have a 30 percent higher risk of hip fractures than those with higher intakes. A relative of coenzyme Q10, K2 can be found in something called natto-a Japanese fermented soybean dish. (Samurai warriors would eat natto to increase their strength and quicken their reflexes.) K2 can also be found in low-fat cottage cheese, chicken, and certain cheeses. It doesn't come from milk and isn't found in yogurt, as it's a waste product of bacteria that ferment milk into cheese.
YOU Tip: Beware of the Supermodel Diet. What's that? |
Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey
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 For example, vitamin k deficiency is prevalent among children with cystic fibrosis [33].
IV. NUTRITION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PEAK BONE MASS
The role of diet in development of peak bone mass is thought to have a great impact on risk of osteoporosis [1]. The formative years set the foundation for the skeletal reserves and for lifelong eating and exercise habits. In fact, osteoporosis has been called a pediatric disease. This chapter approaches the role of diet under two themes: diet patterns and individual nutrients. |
| Vitamin K status among children with cystic fibrosis and its relationship to bone mineral density and bone turnover. Pediatrics 115, 1325-1331.
34. Heaney, R. P. (1994). The bone remodeling transient: Implications for the interpretation of clinical studies of bone mass change. J. Bone Miner. Res. 9, 1515-1523.
35. Sawyer, A. J., Bachrach, L. K., and Fung, E. B. (Eds.). (2007). "Bone Densitometry in Growing Patients: Guidelines for Clinical Practices." Humana Press, Totowa, NJ.
36. Seeman, E. (1998). Editorial: Growth in bone mass and size? |
| Unless otherwise specified, the UL represents suitable data, ULs could not be established for vitamin k, thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin Bi2, pantothenic acid, biotin, carotenoids. In the absence of U recommended intakes.
''As preformed vitamin A only. cAs a-tocopherol; applies to any form of supplemental a-tocopherol. rfThe ULs for vitamin E, niacin, and folate apply to synthetic forms obtained from supplements, fortified foods, or a combination of the two. fp-Carotene supplements are advised only to serve as a provitamin A source for individuals at risk of vitamin A deficiency. |
| Vitamin K status among children with cystic fibrosis and its relationship to bone mineral density and bone turnover. Pediatrics 115, 1325-1331.
106. Sojo, A., Rodriguez-Soriano, J., Vitoria, J. C, Vazquez, C, Ariceta, G., and Villate, A. (1994). Chloride deficiency as a presentation or complication of cystic fibrosis. Eur. J. Pediatr. 153, 825-828.
107. Corneli, H. M., Gormley, C. J., and Baker, R. C. (1985). Hyponatremia and seizures presenting in the first two years of life. Pediatr. Emerg. Care 1, 190-193.
108. Ozcelik, U., Gocmen, A., Kiper, N., Coskun, T., Yilmaz, E., and Ozguc, M. |
Marshall Editions
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 Do not take vitamin k if you are on anticoagulant medications. Ipriflavone has been shown to help bone strength when combined with calcium and vitamin D. Take 600 mg a day with food. Take 250-350 mg of magnesium twice a day as it is required for proper calcium metabolism. Fish oils can also improve calcium absorption and deposition into bones when taken at 4 g a day. Boron is a mineral that activates vitamin D and supports estrogen levels of effective calcium metabolism. Take 3-5 mg daily. Vitamin C, among its many other healthy functions, synthesizes collagen, an important component of bone. |
Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey
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| However, vitamin k deficiency is likely to develop in CF patients with severe cholestatic liver disease, short-bowel syndrome, and lung disease requiring frequent antibiotic use [103-105].
4. Minerals
Minerals of concern in CF include sodium, calcium, and phosphorus. Sodium is of concern in CF patients because of its abnormally high content in the sweat. In hot climates, salt depletion can be catastrophic, leading to severe hypona-tremic dehydration and shock [106, 107]. Therefore, sodium requirement may be considerably higher for CF patients than for normal individuals. |
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